Deg unekcum n Leqṣaba n Wadda, tasdawit n Ketşawa tettwali ɣef teẓgi Ibn Badis s tzeqqa-s tameqqrant d sin n yiseɣwan-is. Tella d tasdawit taqdimt, sinna tuɣal d lkanisa deg tallit n umnekcam Fransi, syin tuɣal-d i useẓẓal musulmanen deffir n tlelli. Tuddsa-s teskan-d ibeddilen idelsanen, d wid n ddin akked wid n tneẓri n temdint i tɛedda Lezzayer.
Tasdawit-a tettwabna ɣer yidis n yiberdan imezwura n Leqṣaba, ger tmedint taqdimt akked teẓgi n Imeɣban. Aselkim-is ameqqran, tiɣeṛṣin-is, akked sin n yiseɣwan-is yemṣadan, ttawin-as azal n yiwen gar yisensilen yettwassnen akk deg wadda n Lezzayer.
Maca asnulfu amiran ur yemṣada ara s wudem ummid akked tesdawit i yellan zik deg wemkan-a. Yella-d seg waṭas n usnifel d ubedel i d-yellan kra n tikwal. Tamacahut-a tasrawt tesefhem-d ayen i yeǧǧan tuddsa-s d tin yesɛan azal: deg-s ad naf iferdisen n Lezzayer, imawṛa, Rumaniyen-Bizanṭiyen, akked wid n Lqern wis XIX.
Talɣut n useqdec
Isem amiran:
Axxam n Ḥasan Başa
Anaw n wemkan:
Tasdawit tamezwarut d wemkan n useẓẓal yettwaseqdacen
1436:
Aseggas i yettwaqeblen s wansay d aseggas n lebni n umekkan amezwaru n useẓẓal.
1794:
Asnulfu ameqqran deg tallit n Ḥasan Başa.
1832:
Asbadu ɣer useẓẓal akatoliki.
Seg 1844 d asawen:
Aḥeṭṭu n tesdawit taqdimt d lebni n lkanisa.
Amazray d tuddsa n usensel
Azemz n lebni amezwaru n tesdawit mazal ur yettwassen ara s wudem usrid. Kra n tmacahutin ttarrunt-it ɣer lqern wis XV, maca isemli ameẓwaru yettwassnen i d-yettḥeqqen s wudem unṣib l’existence-is, yusa-d seg useggas 1612. Yezmer ad yili wemkan n useẓẓal aqbur yella uqbel usnulfu n deffir.
Isem «Ketşawa» yettwasen s waṭas s tenṭelt n tṛumit taṭurkit i d-yemmalen «aẓru n yikerri», akken ad d-yini isem aqbur n temnaḍt-a. Maca asegzi-a yella kan ɣef yisem n wemkan, ur yezmir ara وحده ad d-yefk tiririt ɣef tɣessa n lmeɛmar-is.
Tasdawit tettwasnulfu neɣ tettwaseɣzef s waṭas deg 1794, deg tallit n uheddad Ḥasan Başa. Tella deg yiwen seg yixxamen iɣerṣen n temdint, ɣer tama n Uxxam n Ḥasan Başa, Dar Aziza, akked Djenina tamaynut, i yellan d amkan aqbur n tedbelt.
Tasdawit n Ketşawa: tasdawit taqdimt n Lezzayer i ibeddel umnekcam
Ɣef wayen i yettwaqeblen s waṭas, tasdawit n Ketşawa mačči d tamiḍrant neɣ d lebni n Yetruk. Tella tazwara-is uqbel ad d-rasen Yetruk ɣer Lezzayer deg tazwara n lqern wis XVI. Kra n yiɣbula ttarran amekkan amezwaru n useẓẓal ɣer lqern wis XV, ma yella akta habus n 1612 d isemli amezwaru yettwassnen i d-yettḥeqqen l’existence-is. Ayen i yettwaxedmen deg 1794 deg tallit n Ḥasan Başa d tidet d aswir agejdan deg umezruy-is, maca mačči d tamiḍrant-is.
Tugna tamirant n umonument ur teɣli ara daɣen ɣer tallit-a. Deffir n unekcum Fransi, tasdawit taqdimt tettwaṭṭef, tettwabdel ɣer wemkan n useẓẓal akatoliki, syin teṭṭef aṭas n uḥeṭṭu akken ad tebnu lkanisa Saint-Philippe. Tɣessa, afares d tzeqqa i nettwali ass-a, d ayen i d-yefka usnulfu akolonyal i yellan deg lqern wis XIX.
Mi tuɣal ɣer useẓẓal musulmanen deffir n tlelli, Ketşawa tuɣal d amonument i yesdukklen aṭas n tallayin n umezruy. Teskers-d tamɣart n wemkan aqbur n Lezzayer uqbel tallit n Yetruk, tḥrez-d isɣalen n ibeddilen-is deg tallit n Rrégence n Lezzayer, akked tɣessa tamirant i d-yekkan s waṭas seg tallit takoloniyalt. Amezruy-is yessebgan-d tallayin idelsanen, ddiniyen d tsertiyin i yesnulfan tamnaḍt n Leqṣaba n Wadda.
Tuddsa
Tuddsa n Ketşawa tettales s wudem usrid ɣef ibeddilen i d-yellan deg umonument. Aselkim ameqqran-is yettawi ɣer uẓeṭṭa i d-yettbeddun ɣef yeẓwan n lmermer, gar sin n yiseɣwan imeẓẓyanen yesɛan 8 n yisumar. Tuddsa tamatut n tzeqqa teskan-d amkan n lkanisa yesɛan sin n yiseɣwan, ma yella tiɣeṛṣin, izumal imeẓẓyanen akked usali n yiseɣwan, kkan-d seg tɣessa n Afrika n Ugafa akked umaḍal Islami.
Deg daxel, aẓeṭṭa alemmas, iberdan n yidis akked tneɣruft tamseddit n wemkan, ttbanen-d s wudem usrid belli yella d lkanisa zik. Ɣas akka, tiɣeṛṣin, taqebbuct, yeẓwan akked izumal fkan i uxxam-a udem-is ufrin.
Ihi, ur ilaq ara ad d-nessegzi Ketşawa amzun d tasdawit n lqern wis XVIII i yeqqimen ur tettwabeddel ara. D amonument i d-yettwasnulfan seg waṭas n tallayin n umezruy: amekkan aqbur n useẓẓal n Lezzayer, lkanisa takoloniyalt, akked tesdawit i tettwaseɣzef deffir n tlelli.
Azamul n umezruy azzayri
Tasdawit n Ketşawa tesɛa amḍiq ameqqran deg tkatut n Lezzayer. Tettawi-d awal ɣef umezruy ddini n Leqṣaba n Wadda, ɣef tsertit takoloniyalt n uṭṭef n yimukan n useẓẓal, akked ṭṭegṛa n yimezdaɣ n temdint.
Mi tuɣal ɣer useẓẓal musulmanen deg 1962, tewwi-d azal anwaṭan iɛeddan tɣawsa n useẓẓal kan. Ass-a, amonument-a d azamul n tkemmilt n tkatut tazzayrit, ula d tɣawsiwin n uḥeṭṭu, ibeddilen n useqdec, akked usnifel i yettwafkan i tɣessa-s.
Ketşawa teqqen daɣen ɣer temnaḍt n Leqṣaba n Lezzayer, i yellan deg tebdart n umaḍal n UNESCO seg useggas 1992.